What is Nuclear Energy plant (NPP)
The sun is a nuclear reactor because it has gravity. It produces a huge amount of energy, and it is a perfect source of energy. The sun produces energy and delivers it freely. The uranium division started progressing with the absorption of the smooth-moving neutron from the non-strong U-235 isotope. The obtained U-236 is divided into Ba-139 and Kr-94 as well as three undo neutrons. The mass insufficiency of roughly 20% of atomic mass units has also been converted into 210 MeV energy units. There were 447 nuclear fission power plants in overhaul globally, 55 in under erection and 111 design is in processes.
In 2018 united state produce about 19.3% of the electricity from the nuclear power station and give to the consumer. 71.7% Demond was in the European Union; the total entire world energy demand in 2018 was 10.3%
China is trying to expand quickly nuclear power program. Pakistan aims to build four nuclear power stations till 2030. Different countries had installed nuclear power plants in the past, but they stopped their operation. Italy has closed all their nuclear power plant. different countries run nuclear plants. Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, and Spain are considering nuclear power technology.
According to the U.S EIA solar power is increasing day by day its reach to 39% from 2014 to 2017 Start from 10 GW and ended at 27, this growing trend for the field is very supportive. The Corbon dioxide emission is also decreasing a few percent. But to construct more nuclear power plants there are big issues. dangerous waste produced from nuclear power plants: 300KG of waste is produced from the 1 GW nuclear power plant and its half-life is 24000 years.
What are the Nuclear powers
Nuclear power is the energy which is generated by the atom. Atoms are very small objects in size, the universe is made from that small atom. Nuclear Power is produced when strong bounded atoms become united. Nuclear power can be used to create electricity, but first to produce it. Nuclear power can be produced by two methods:
What are the Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion
- Nuclear fission: In nuclear fission, atoms are divided into smaller atoms, which produce steam. Nuclear power plants are used for electricity production.
- Nuclear fusion: in nuclear fusion the atoms are combined with each other’s, and it creates the heavier atom. When atoms are combined with each other a large amount of energy is created and this reaction occurs in the sun to produce radiation.
Uranium is the most used material for renewable energy, and it is mostly used for nuclear power, and it is also for nuclear fission. Nuclear Plants use a special type of U-235, In U-235 the atoms are isolated. In nuclear fission, the neutron hits the uranium to split it, which releases a large amount of energy in the form of radiation and heat. In these processes more neutrons are released when the uranium atom is separated. This neutron hits other uranium atoms, and this process is continued.
There are almost 648 nuclear power plants in the world. In united state 61 nuclear plants and 99 research facilities are located. Nuclear power plants are in 30 states. 46 are located east of the Mississippi River. One fifth of US electricity is supplied from nuclear power plants ofter1990. The Figure shows the map of nuclear power plants in the world.
Nuclear Power Plant Location
How electricity generated in nuclear power plant
In fission reaction the heat is produced. This heat is used to convert water to steam which is used to turn the blade of the turbine. When the rotor blades rotate the energy is generated. The steam is then pumped back into the atmosphere through the cooling tower. Clear nuclear power plants during their operation do not emit Carbon dioxide as the fossil fuel power station.
What is the Advantage of nuclear power plant
- Lower greenhouse gas emissions: Nuclear power does not affect the environment during its processing because it does not emit Carbon dioxide in the environment.
- Powerful and efficient: it is more effective and efficient than the other power plants. This is the one reason that the world spent a lot on it.
- Reliable: Nuclear power plant generate electricity in every situation it does not affected by rain, cloud as like solar energy and wind energy
- Low fuel cost: it takes a little amount of uranium to produce oil, this is the key factor of its lowest fuel cost
- Supply: nuclear power plant supplies their energy by a constant rate this is the economic benefits of building nuclear power plants
- Easy transportation: 28 g of uranium generate electricity as 100 metric ton of coal produce, so its transportation is much easy as compared to other form of power plants.
What is the Disadvantage of nuclear power
- Radioactive waste: the wastage which is produced from the nuclear power plant much be kept in a secure and safe place because it is very dangerous, and it can leak radiation. And it releases radiation from ten to hundreds of years.
- Nuclear accidents: it can induce vomiting, fatigue, diarrhea which is very dangerous for human being.
- Nuclear radiation: there is a breeder in nuclear radiation which is very dangerous once it is added to nature than it will take millions of years to remove from the nature and this nuclear radiation is very toxic. It is a chain reaction.
- High cost: a lot of money required to build a nuclear power plant because there are legal formalities to do. It takes around 5 to 10 years to build nuclear power plant.
- National risk: bombs are created from nuclear technology. Nuclear technology provides the ability to create bombs which is very dangerous for the nations.
- Wastage: Studies claim nuclear waste requires nearly 10,000 years to return to its original state.
- Availability of fuel: uranium is available in a few countries this is a big disadvantage of it.
- Nonrenewable: Nuclear power plant require platinum which is available in a few countries
What is the Application of Nuclear Power Plant
Nuclear power plants produce electricity using nuclear reactors. Nuclear power plant has multiple application in different fields which Is listed below:
- Desalination of ocean water: it can be used to desalinate ocean water which Is very useful in area where fresh water is required.
- Production of hydrogen: it is used to produce hydrogen which works as a fuel in different vehicles and many other applications.
- District cooling and heating: it is used to provide heating and cooling, which is very useful in hot or cold temperatures.
- Removal of tertiary oil resources: it is used to remove tertiary oil, which is very difficult by other methods.
- Heat process application: it is used for heat process application such as cogeneration. Cogeneration is a method of electricity generation.
- Conversion of coal to liquid: it is used to convert coal into liquid, which is very useful in an area where cool is available in a high amount.
- Chemical feedstock synthesis: it can be used for Chemical feedstock synthesis which is used to produce a different product.
- Food and agriculture: it is used to irradiate food and other agriculture product, which can help in the preservation of foods.
- Consumers products: it is used to produce consumer products which include smoke detectors, smoke detectors contain a small number of radioactive elements.
- Industry: It is used in different industries applications which include glass, cement, metal, refining and gas production.
- Medicine: it is used for making of medicine isotopes, which Is very helpful in diagnosis and many others.
- Scientific research: it can be used for scientific research which includes the study of materials and many others.
- Transform: it is used in submarines and ships.
- Water resource and environment: it is used to monitor water resource and environment which includes study of ocean currents.
Frequently asked question
Q1: what will be the role of nuclear power in future?
Ans: nuclear power will play an important role in the future because it is reliable, and it is also low carbon source of energy.
Q2: what are the benefits of nuclear power plant?
Ans: nuclear power plant is different benefits, which includes.
- Low carbon emission.
- High energy density.
- Reliable power generation.
Q3: what is the advanced nuclear reactor?
Ans: advance nuclear reactor is design to be safer, more efficient and more flexible than traditional one.
Q4: are there different types of reactors?
Ans: there are different types of reactors which includes,
- Small modular reactor.
- Molten salt reactor.
- High temperature gas cooled reactor.
Q5: how does nuclear power plant work with the other sources of energy?
Ans: it can be complemented with other sources of energy which can provide reliable and consistent power.
Q6: is it safe to live near advanced nuclear power plants?
Ans: yes, it is safe to live near advanced nuclear power plants because advanced nuclear power plants are designed to be safer.
Q7: will nuclear power plant produce nuclear waste?
Ans: yes, nuclear power plants produce nuclear waste which is managed carefully. This waste is stored in a safe and secure place.
Q:8 are advanced nuclear power plants expensive?
Ans: to construct advanced nuclear power plants, it will be more expensive than the traditional, but advanced nuclear power plants will be efficient and more reliable than the traditional.
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